A yau a Najeriya, makomar rayuwar jinjirin da aka Haifa tana da alaka dumu-dumu da yanayin yankin da mahaifiyarsa take zaune. Wurin da uwa take rayuwa shi ke kayyade ko za ta sami damar haihuwa a cikin kariya, a asibitin da ke dauke da kayan aiki na zamani, ko kuma za ta haihu ne a dakinta ba tare da taimakon kwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya ba.
Sabon rahoton binciken lafiya da kididdiga na kasa na shekarar 2024 (NDHS), wanda shafin TheCableIndex ya yi nazari akansa, ya fito da gagarumar tazarar da ke tsakanin shiyyoyin kasar nan guda shida ta fuskar lafiyar mata masu juna biyu.
Yayin da shiyyoyin Kudu maso Gabas (South-East) da Kudu maso Yamma (South-West) suka yi rajistar kusan sama da kashi 80% na mace-mace da haihuwa a asibitoci, shiyyar Arewa maso Yamma (North-West) ce ke can kasa-kasa a teburin, inda take da kashi 21.3% kacal.
Wannan yana nufin cewa a Arewa maso Yamma, kimanin yara 8 cikin kowace 10 ana haifarsu ne a wajen asibiti, asibitin karkara (PHC), ko cibiyar kula da lafiya. A kasar da ke fafutukar rage mace-macen iyaye da jinjiraye, wannan lambar ba kididdiga ba ce kawai, alama ce ta jan layi mai hadari na babban gargadi.
Jadawalin Shiyyoyin Najeriya Da Kason Haihuwa A Asibitoci
Bayanai a matakin kasa sun nuna yadda kasar ta kasu kashi gida biyu: shiyyoyi uku inda haihuwa a asibiti ita ce aka saba, da kuma shiyyoyi uku inda haihuwa a asibiti ta zama abu mai wuyar gaske kuma mai hadari:
| Mataki | Shiyyar Geopolitical | Yara Da Aka Haifa A Asibiti (2024) | Akasin Haka: Haihuwa A Wajen Asibiti |
| 1 | Kudu maso Gabas (South-East) | 86.0% | 14.0% |
| 2 | Kudu maso Yamma (South-West) | 81.7% | 18.3% |
| 3 | Arewa ta Tsakiya (North-Central) | 81.3% | 18.7% |
| 4 | Arewa maso Gabas (North-East) | 41.6% | 58.4% |
| 5 | Kudu maso Kudu (South-South) | 38.6% | 61.4% |
| 6 | Arewa maso Yamma (North-West) | 21.3% | 78.7% |
Bambancin da Ke Akwai: Mace mai juna biyu a shiyyar Kudu maso Gabas tana da damar haihuwa a asibiti har sau hudu fiye da mace da ke zaune a Arewa maso Yamma. Hatta shiyyar Kudu maso Kudu da ke mataki na 5, ta kusan ninka kason Arewa maso Yamma har sau biyu.
Me Ya Sa Mata Ke Gwammace Haihuwa A Gida?
Shiyyar Arewa maso Yamma wadda ta kunshi jihohin Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Sokoto, da Zamfara ita ce shiyya mafi yawan jama’a a Najeriya. Duk da haka, tsarin samar da ayyukan lafiya a yankin yana fuskantar cikas wajen tafiya da dacewa da wannan yawan jama’a.
Bisa ga bayanan kiwon lafiya na jama’a da binciken zamantakewa da ke da alaka da rahoton na NDHS, akwai manyan gibi guda uku da suka lullube yankin tare da mayar da shi baya wajen samun karancin haihuwa a asibiti:
- Nisa Zuwa Asibitoci: A yawancin karkara a jihohi kamar Zamfara da Kebbi, Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya a Matakin Farko (PHCs) suna da nisa. Rashin kyawun hanyoyi da motocin jigilar marasa lafiya na canza lokacin nakuda ya koma babban kalubale na rayuwa har ma ya kan haddasa mutuwa.
- Tattalin Arziki: Ko da a ce an rage farashin kula da lafiyar mata masu juna biyu, akwai wasu tsarebe-tsaraben kudade kamar siyan kayan haihuwa (delivery kits), da biyan kudin allurai, da magunguna, ko katin asibiti wadanda ke hana gmasu karamin karfi zuwa asibiti.
- Al’ada: Al’adun gargajiya galibi suna sanya takunkumi ga mace na fita da kanta ko kuma suna bukatar izini daga maigida kafin ta nemi taimakon likita a waje. Idan aka hada wannan da karancin mata ma’aikatan lafiya a asibitocin karkara, mata da yawa sun gwammace su nemi taimakon tsofaffin unzomai na gida.
Hadarin Da Ke Tattare Da Wannan Lamari Yanzu
Wannan kididdiga tana ba da haske kan dalilin da ya sa Najeriya ke fuskantar matsala wajen kare rayukan kananan yara. Ma’aikatar Lafiya ta Tarayya ta bayyana cewa, koda yake an sami dan raguwa kadan na mace-macen yara ‘yan kasa da shekaru biyar a matakin kasa, mace-macen jinjirai (wadanda ke mutuwa a cikin kwanaki 28 na farko na rayuwa) sun tsaya cak a kan yara 41 cikin kowacce haihuwa 1,000 masu rai.
Tun da yake kashi 40% zuwa 45% na mace-macen yara yana faruwa ne a wannan lokaci na jinjirta, rashin kwararrun ma’aikata lokacin haihuwa a Arewa maso Yamma shi ke rurruta wadannan mace-mace da za a iya kiyaye faruwarsu.
Idan mace ta haihu a gida ba tare da ungozoma ko likita ba:
- Ba za a iya magance matsalar zubar jini mai yawa ba bayan haihuwa (postpartum hemorrhage) cikin sauki ba.
- Matsalar rashin numfashi na jinjiri (neonatal asphyxia) tana zama ajali cikin gaggawa idan babu kayan taimakon numfashi.
- Ciwon daji da cututtuka (sepsis) suna yaduwa cikin sauki saboda rashin tsaftar wurin da aka haihu.
Ga masu tsara manufofi, gwamnonin shiyyar, da abokan hulda na kasa da kasa, rahoton NDHS ya zama kamar taswirar yadda ya kamata a gudanar da aiki. Da yadda zuba kudi a manyan asibitocin birane kadai ba zai magance wannan matsala ba.
Gwamnatocin jihohi na Arewa maso Yamma dole ne su zuba kudi sosai a cikin Tsarin Lafiya na Mazabu (Ward Health System), su tabbatar da cewa asibitocin karkara na PHC suna da saukin zuwa, suna da kwararrun ungozomomi mata, da kuma wadatar kayan haihuwa kyauta ko masu arha. Haka kuma, dole ne a hada hannu da sarakunan gargajiya da na addini domin wayar da kai da sukar duk wasu al’adu da ke hana zuwa asibiti.
Alkaluma sun riga sun fito, kuma gaskiya ta bayyana. Idan har Najeriya tana son ta rage mace-macen iyaye mata da yara, dole ne a fuskanci wannan yaki a cikin karkara da al’ummomin Arewa maso Yamma.
